National League for Nursing (NLN PAX) Practice Exam

When hydrochloric acid spills on the skin, the immediate priority is to minimize the harm it can cause. Flushing the affected area with large quantities of water is the best action to take in this situation. Water serves to dilute the acid and helps to wash it away, reducing the potential for chemical burns or skin damage.

The fundamental principle in handling chemical spills on skin is to wash the area thoroughly to remove any traces of the substance. Flushing with water for an extended period, at least 15-20 minutes, is crucial to ensure that the acid does not cause significant harm. This method is essential in first aid for chemical exposure and aligns with standard safety guidelines.

Using a bandage would not be appropriate at this initial stage because it could trap the acid against the skin, worsening the injury. Washing with soap is not advisable right away because soap could react with the acid and potentially cause a different form of chemical injury. Neutralizing agents, like vinegar, might seem logical, but using them on concentrated acids can generate heat or even more hazardous reactions, making flushing with water the safest and most effective first response.